IP Cameras

Q: What's the difference between an IP camera and an analog camera?

IP cameras connect over Ethernet, deliver native-digital HD/4K resolution, run on-camera analytics, and integrate with software-based VMS platforms. Analog cameras use coax and require encoder/DVR hardware to reach network resolution beyond 1080p. For new deployments, IP is the standard — analog exists only for retrofit use cases where coax already runs.

Q: Which IP camera brands are NDAA compliant?

Axis, Hanwha Vision, i-PRO, Pelco, Digital Watchdog, Vivotek, and Bosch are all NDAA-compliant. Hikvision and Dahua are restricted under Section 889 for federal, state government, and critical-infrastructure procurement but remain available for commercial deployments.

Q: How do I choose the right resolution for an IP camera?

Start with the farthest point of the scene you need to identify. Calculate required PPF (pixels-per-foot) on that target: 125 PPF for recognition, 250 PPF for identification. Work backward from PPF and sensor size to resolution and lens focal length. A 2MP camera with the right lens often outperforms a 4K camera with the wrong one — see our DORI guide.

Q: What PoE standard do modern IP cameras require?

Fixed indoor cameras run on standard 802.3af PoE (15.4W). Outdoor cameras with heaters and IR need PoE+ (802.3at, 25.5W). PTZ, multi-sensor, and heated-housing cameras need PoE++ (802.3bt, 60-90W). Plan switch power budget for simultaneous-peak load, not nameplate ratings — see why PoE switches fail at scale.

Q: Can I mix IP camera brands in one VMS?

Yes — any ONVIF Profile S + G certified cameras work with any certified VMS. Milestone XProtect, Genetec Security Center, Avigilon ACC, and Exacq routinely mix Axis, Hanwha, i-PRO, and Hikvision cameras on one server. Note: vendor-specific analytics metadata (Axis Object Analytics, Hanwha AI, etc.) may require that vendor's VMS or a VMS with explicit integration.

Q: How many cameras can a typical NVR support?

Channel count is only one dimension — total bitrate is the real constraint. A 32-channel NVR rated for 320 Mbps can't run 32 4K cameras at 8 Mbps each (that's 256 Mbps, leaving almost no headroom). For high-resolution deployments, size by aggregate bitrate first, channel count second. See retention math for sizing methodology and our NVR catalog.

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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4FB1

Speco Technologies O4FB1 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Bullet

4MP outdoor bullet with flexible intensifier night vision, no IR
- 2560x1440 @ 30fps H.265+ compression over PoE+ for low bandwidth
- Flexible intensifier low-light imaging without IR light pollution
- IP67 rated, -40°F to 140°F operating range for harsh outdoor sites
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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4FB1M

Speco Technologies O4FB1M 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Bullet

4MP AI bullet with motorized lens and edge analytics for outdoor surveillance
- Motorized 2.8-12mm varifocal lens (4.3x zoom) adjusts field of view without site visits
- Edge-based AI detects motion, line crossing, intrusion, faces, and vehicles on-camera
- IP67 sealed, PoE powered, operates -40°F to 140°F with H.265+ compression
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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4FB2

Speco Technologies O4FB2 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Bullet

4MP outdoor bullet with 50m IR and edge AI for perimeter surveillance
- 4MP at 30fps with H.265+ compression cuts bandwidth 25–50% vs H.264
- Flexible intensifier IR reaches 164 ft in complete darkness without added lighting
- On-board AI detects faces, vehicles, intrusions, and line crossings at the camera
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$812.50 $322.99 Save $489.51

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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4FD1

Speco Technologies O4FD1 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Dome Cam

4MP AI dome with flexible intensifier night vision and IK10 vandal rating
- 2560×1440 @ 30fps H.265+ compression with true WDR for day/night clarity
- Built-in AI detects motion, line crossing, intrusion, faces, and vehicles at edge
- IP67-rated dome with IK10 vandal protection, PoE+ powered, ONVIF compliant
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$674.30 $265.99 Save $408.31

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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4FD1M

Speco Technologies O4FD1M 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Dome Cam

4MP outdoor dome with motorized zoom, IK10 vandal rating, AI analytics
- Motorized 2.8–12mm varifocal lens with field-adjustable zoom, no disassembly
- IK10 vandal-rated, IP67 sealed dome handles exposed mounting in harsh weather
- AI motion, line crossing, intrusion, face & vehicle detection at 4MP 30fps
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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4FD2

Speco Technologies O4FD2 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Dome

4MP dome with flexible intensifier for low-light without IR glare
- 4MP at 30fps with H.265+ compression cuts storage ~50% vs H.264
- Flexible intensifier amplifies ambient light in mixed/dim conditions
- Built-in AI: motion, line crossing, intrusion, face & vehicle detect
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$809.30 $321.99 Save $487.31

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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4FD2M

Speco Technologies O4FD2M 4MP Varifocal AI Dome Camera

4MP motorized varifocal dome with AI analytics and IP67 weather seal
- Motorized 2.8–12mm zoom lens adjusts remotely; covers 107° wide to 28° telephoto
- 4MP at 30fps with H.265+ compression cuts storage and bandwidth by ~50%
- PoE++ or 12VDC power; IP67 rated for outdoor rain, dust, and washdown mounting
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$1,138.30 $452.99 Save $685.31

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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4FDMS1

Speco Technologies O4FDMS1 Dual Lens 4MP IP Camera

Dual 4MP lens in one housing, one PoE connection for tight spaces
- 8MP total across two independent 4MP sensors with separate video streams
- Single PoE (802.3af) powers both lenses; cuts cabling and mounting points
- Day/night operation with motion detection; analytics depend on VMS choice
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$1,335.50 $530.99 Save $804.51

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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4FT1

Speco Technologies O4FT1 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Turret

4MP turret with Flexible Intensifier low-light tech and AI analytics
- 2560×1440 @ 30 fps with motion, line crossing, intrusion & face detection
- Flexible Intensifier night vision excels in darkness without IR washout
- IP67 sealed, PoE single-feed power, -40 to 140°F operating range
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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4FT1M

Speco Technologies O4FT1M 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Turret

4MP turret with motorized zoom and AI analytics for outdoor monitoring
- Motorized 2.8-12mm varifocal lens adjusts field of view without swapping optics
- AI detects motion, line crossing, intrusion, faces, and vehicles at the edge
- Flexible intensifier with true WDR handles dawn, dusk, and backlit conditions
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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4FT2

Speco Technologies O4FT2 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Turret

4MP turret with Flexible Intensifier for low-light object detection
- 4MP resolution (2688 × 1520) with AI object detection at edge
- Flexible Intensifier maintains color and detail in low-light conditions
- PoE powered (<13W) with 2.8mm fixed lens, NDAA compliant
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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4IB1M

Speco Technologies O4IB1M 4MP Intensifier AI IP Bullet Camera

4MP outdoor bullet with Intensifier low-light and motorized zoom
- 2.8–12mm motorized varifocal lens for remote zoom without site visits
- Intensifier technology captures detail in low-light and nighttime scenes
- Integrated AI analytics and NDAA compliance for government deployments
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$372.99

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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4IB2M

Speco Technologies O4IB2M 4MP Intensifier AI IP Bullet Camera wit

4MP outdoor bullet with Intensifier low-light and motorized zoom
- 2.8-12mm motorized varifocal lens adjusts field of view without relocating
- Intensifier technology captures detail in minimal ambient light conditions
- On-board AI object detection with PoE+ power and integrated junction box
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$1,138.30 $414.99 Save $723.31

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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4ID2

Speco Technologies O4ID2 4MP Intensifier AI Dome Camera

4MP dome with Intensifier low-light and AI edge analytics, PoE+ powered
- 4MP resolution (2688 × 1520) with 2.8mm fixed lens for wide-area coverage
- Intensifier amplifies ambient light for color imaging in low-light conditions
- AI edge detection: motion, loitering, scene-change; NDAA Section 889 compliant
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$809.30 $295.99 Save $513.31

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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4ID2M

Speco Technologies O4ID2M 4MP Intensifier AI IP Dome Camera with

4MP low-light dome with motorized zoom and AI analytics
- Intensifier AI captures detail in minimal light without IR reliance
- 2.8–12mm motorized varifocal lens adjusts zoom in-field
- PoE powered, NDAA compliant for government deployments
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$1,138.30 $452.99 Save $685.31

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Speco Technologies

SKU: O4IT2

Speco Technologies O4IT2 4MP Intensifier Turret Camera

4MP intensifier turret for low-light identification without IR
- Intensifier sensor amplifies ambient light in near-total darkness
- Fixed 2.8mm lens with edge AI object detection and classification
- PoE powered turret with integrated junction box, NDAA compliant
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$792.80 $315.99 Save $476.81

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What to Look For When Buying

The six decisions that matter most before you spec.

Form Factor by Scene

Bullet cameras signal deterrence and reach long distances; domes blend into architecture and resist tampering; turrets split the difference with clean IR without dome-ball reflection. Panoramic 360° replaces 3-4 fixed cameras in open interiors. Match form factor to scene geometry, not aesthetic preference. See our coverage engineering guide for scene-planning methodology.

Pixel Density Over Megapixels

A 4K camera set 80 feet back delivers worse identification imagery than a 2MP camera at 30 feet. PPF (pixels per foot) on the target — not raw resolution — is what determines recognition vs. identification grade coverage. Our DORI pixel density guide covers the math for every common scene.

NDAA Section 889 Compliance

Federal, state, and critical-infrastructure procurement excludes Hikvision, Dahua, and their OEM-rebranded subsidiaries. Axis, Hanwha Vision, i-PRO, Pelco, Digital Watchdog, Vivotek, and Bosch are all NDAA-compliant. Specify compliance in RFPs — it cannot be retrofitted into a deployment after-the-fact.

Edge AI & Analytics

Modern IP cameras run object classification, line-crossing detection, loitering, and people counting on the camera itself — filtering false alarms before they reach the NVR. Axis Object Analytics, Hanwha Wisenet 7 AI, i-PRO Scene Analytics, and Hikvision AcuSense all run on-camera. Proper scene setup matters as much as the algorithm.

PoE Power Budget

Peak draw for outdoor cameras with heaters + IR can hit 25W+; PTZ models can demand 60-90W (PoE++). A 24-port switch with 370W total budget can't actually run 24 PTZs. Plan switch power for simultaneous peak — see PoE budget planning and why your PoE switch fails after 18 cameras.

Storage & Retention Math

H.265 cuts bitrate 40-50% versus H.264 at equivalent quality; smart codecs drop further during static scenes. 30-day retention on 4K across 32 cameras is very different math than 30-day on 2MP H.265. Use our retention math guide before sizing your NVR or storage array.

Technology Stack

The specs and acronyms that actually affect outdoor performance.

ONVIF Profile S + G + T

Industry standard for IP camera interoperability. Profile S = live streaming, G = recording/playback, T = advanced streaming (H.265 + analytics metadata). Certified conformance — not vague "ONVIF compatible" language — is what guarantees cross-VMS interoperability. Check spec sheets for profile-level certification.

DORI Classification

IEC 62676-4 defines four detection distances: Detect (25 PPF), Observe (63 PPF), Recognize (125 PPF), Identify (250 PPF). Most forensic-grade IP camera deployments need Recognize or Identify at the scene's farthest point — which drives lens selection and mounting distance calculations.

H.265 + Smart Compression

Modern codec with 40-50% lower bitrate than H.264 at equivalent perceived quality. Smart Stream / Zipstream / WiseStream variants drop bitrate further by identifying static scene regions. Matters most for multi-month retention at scale — storage savings compound.

Wide Dynamic Range (WDR)

Scene lighting ratio handled simultaneously. Entry-level 120dB, premium 150dB. Matters most at doorways, loading docks, and glass-heavy entries where interior shadow meets exterior sunlight. Hanwha Wisenet 7 and Axis Forensic WDR flagship at 150dB+.

PoE+ / PoE++ (802.3at / 802.3bt)

802.3at delivers 25.5W/port — sufficient for most outdoor cameras with heater + IR. 802.3bt (Type 3 = 60W, Type 4 = 90W) powers PTZs, multi-sensor, and heated-housing cameras. See PoE injectors for single-port solutions.

Edge Storage + Failover

SD card slots on modern IP cameras provide local failover recording when network or NVR drops. Not a primary-storage solution — but essential for high-availability deployments. Industrial-grade SD cards (not consumer) required; typical 256GB to 1TB.

Typical Deployment Scenarios

Multi-Site Retail Chain

Mixed deployment: 180° panoramic at POS/entry, bullet cameras at back-of-house and dock, domes at stockroom and offices. Centralized VMS with per-site NVR or cloud hybrid. Analytics for people-counting and dwell-time. Typical 12-24 cameras per site, 30-60 day retention.

Corporate Campus

Outdoor bullets + PTZs at perimeter and parking structures; indoor domes at main lobbies, elevator banks, server rooms, and loading bays; multi-sensor at atriums. Integration with access control for door-forced-open and tailgating event overlays.

Industrial & Warehouse

Long-range bullets at loading docks and fence-line, thermal at fuel-storage perimeter, panoramic cameras in high-bay for wide-coverage single-camera monitoring. Heavy use of on-camera analytics for forklift-zone intrusion detection. See warehouse surveillance.

Municipal & Critical Infrastructure

NDAA-mandatory deployments: Axis, Hanwha, i-PRO only. Thermal + visible dual-sensor at perimeter; PTZ with radar-slewing at large-area monitoring; LPR at ingress/egress points. FIPS 140-2 encryption, TLS 1.3 streaming, integration with emergency communications.

Frequently Asked Questions

What's the difference between an IP camera and an analog camera?

IP cameras connect over Ethernet, deliver native-digital HD/4K resolution, run on-camera analytics, and integrate with software-based VMS platforms. Analog cameras use coax and require encoder/DVR hardware to reach network resolution beyond 1080p. For new deployments, IP is the standard — analog exists only for retrofit use cases where coax already runs.

Which IP camera brands are NDAA compliant?

Axis, Hanwha Vision, i-PRO, Pelco, Digital Watchdog, Vivotek, and Bosch are all NDAA-compliant. Hikvision and Dahua are restricted under Section 889 for federal, state government, and critical-infrastructure procurement but remain available for commercial deployments.

How do I choose the right resolution for an IP camera?

Start with the farthest point of the scene you need to identify. Calculate required PPF (pixels-per-foot) on that target: 125 PPF for recognition, 250 PPF for identification. Work backward from PPF and sensor size to resolution and lens focal length. A 2MP camera with the right lens often outperforms a 4K camera with the wrong one — see our DORI guide.

What PoE standard do modern IP cameras require?

Fixed indoor cameras run on standard 802.3af PoE (15.4W). Outdoor cameras with heaters and IR need PoE+ (802.3at, 25.5W). PTZ, multi-sensor, and heated-housing cameras need PoE++ (802.3bt, 60-90W). Plan switch power budget for simultaneous-peak load, not nameplate ratings — see why PoE switches fail at scale.

Can I mix IP camera brands in one VMS?

Yes — any ONVIF Profile S + G certified cameras work with any certified VMS. Milestone XProtect, Genetec Security Center, Avigilon ACC, and Exacq routinely mix Axis, Hanwha, i-PRO, and Hikvision cameras on one server. Note: vendor-specific analytics metadata (Axis Object Analytics, Hanwha AI, etc.) may require that vendor's VMS or a VMS with explicit integration.

How many cameras can a typical NVR support?

Channel count is only one dimension — total bitrate is the real constraint. A 32-channel NVR rated for 320 Mbps can't run 32 4K cameras at 8 Mbps each (that's 256 Mbps, leaving almost no headroom). For high-resolution deployments, size by aggregate bitrate first, channel count second. See retention math for sizing methodology and our NVR catalog.

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Speco Technologies O4FB1 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Bullet

Speco Technologies O4FB1M 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Bullet

Speco Technologies O4FB2 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Bullet

Speco Technologies O4FD1 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Dome Cam

Speco Technologies O4FD1M 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Dome Cam

Speco Technologies O4FD2 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Dome

Speco Technologies O4FD2M 4MP Varifocal AI Dome Camera

Speco Technologies O4FDMS1 Dual Lens 4MP IP Camera

Speco Technologies O4FT1 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Turret

Speco Technologies O4FT1M 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Turret

Speco Technologies O4FT2 4MP Flexible Intensifier AI IP Turret

Speco Technologies O4IB1M 4MP Intensifier AI IP Bullet Camera

Speco Technologies O4IB2M 4MP Intensifier AI IP Bullet Camera wit

Speco Technologies O4ID2 4MP Intensifier AI Dome Camera

Speco Technologies O4ID2M 4MP Intensifier AI IP Dome Camera with

Speco Technologies O4IT2 4MP Intensifier Turret Camera

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